<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<!-- собрано плагином nlj-issue-importer -->
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный научный вестник</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3849</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2782-3849-2026-10-288-296</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Исторические аспекты и современное состояние уголовно-правовых механизмов противодействия международным преступлениям в Латинской Америке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Historical aspects and current state of criminal law mechanisms for countering international crimes in Latin America</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Каролина Романовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><email>study@izak.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семыкина</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>mail@lawbooks.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия, аспирант 1 курса, Центр уголовного и уголовно‑процессуального законодательства, Научный руководитель:</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ведущий научный сотрудник, кандидат юридических наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-28"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>10</issue><fpage>288</fpage><lpage>296</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-21"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-10-26"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="istoricheskie-aspekty-i-sovremennoe-sostoyanie-ugolovno-pravovyh-mehanizmov-288-296.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье исследуются исторические предпосылки формирования и современное состояние уголовно-правовых механизмов противодействия международным преступлениям в государствах Латинской Америки. Рассматривается эволюция представлений о международных преступлениях от первых попыток нормативного закрепления ответственности за деяния, затрагивающие международное сообщество, до формирования современной системы международного уголовного права. Особое внимание уделяется влиянию Нюрнбергского и последующего международно-правового опыта на развитие национального уголовного законодательства государств региона. Анализируется специфика имплементации положений о геноциде, преступлениях против человечности, военных преступлениях и преступлениях агрессии в уголовное законодательство Чили, Уругвая, Колумбии и Эквадора. Отдельно рассматривается значение практики Межамериканского суда по правам человека в формировании региональных стандартов расследования и уголовного преследования лиц, ответственных за наиболее серьезные нарушения прав человека. Обосновывается положение о том, что современная латиноамериканская модель противодействия международным преступлениям складывается на основе взаимодействия универсального международного уголовного права, национальной уголовно-правовой имплементации и региональных механизмов защиты прав человека.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the historical prerequisites for the formation and the current state of criminal law mechanisms for countering international crimes in Latin American states. The study traces the evolution of the concept of international crimes from early attempts to establish international responsibility for acts affecting the international community to the development of the modern system of international criminal law. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the Nuremberg and subsequent international legal experience on the development of national criminal legislation in the region. The implementation of provisions concerning genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and crime of aggression in the criminal legislation of Chile, Uruguay, Colombia and Ecuador is analyzed. The article also considers the significance of the case law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in establishing regional standards concerning the investigation and prosecution of persons responsible for the most serious human rights violations. The author argues that the contemporary Latin American model of combating international crimes is based on the interaction of universal international criminal law, domestic criminal law implementation and regional human rights mechanisms.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международные преступления</kwd><kwd>международное уголовное право</kwd><kwd>геноцид</kwd><kwd>преступления против человечности</kwd><kwd>военные преступления</kwd><kwd>преступление агрессии</kwd><kwd>Латинская Америка</kwd><kwd>уголовное законодательство</kwd><kwd>имплементация</kwd><kwd>Межамериканский суд по правам человека</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international crimes</kwd><kwd>international criminal law</kwd><kwd>genocide</kwd><kwd>crimes against humanity</kwd><kwd>war crimes</kwd><kwd>crime of aggression</kwd><kwd>Latin America</kwd><kwd>criminal legislation</kwd><kwd>implementation</kwd><kwd>Inter-American Court of Human Rights</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[1] Kelsen H. Principles of International Law. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966. 602 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[2] Трайнин А. Н. Защита мира и уголовный закон. М.: Юридическое издательство НКЮ СССР, 1937. 214 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[3] Лукашук И. И., Наумов А. В. Международное уголовное право. М.: Спарк, 1999. 287 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[4] Черниченко С. В. Теория международного права: в 2 т. Т. 2: Старые и новые теоретические проблемы. М.: НИМП, 1999. 531 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[5] Cassese A. International Criminal Law. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 472 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref6"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[6] Ambos K. Treatise on International Criminal Law. Vol. I: Foundations and General Part. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 420 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref7"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[7] Lemkin R. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1944. 674 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref8"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[8] Horowitz I. L. Taking Lives: Genocide and State Power. 5th ed. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2002. 312 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref9"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[9] Kuper L. Genocide: Its Political Use in the Twentieth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. 315 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref10"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[10] Schabas W. A. Genocide in International Law. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 768 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref11"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[11] Werle G., Jessberger F. Principles of International Criminal Law. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 560 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref12"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[12] Бирюков П. Н. Международное уголовное право: учебник. М.: Юрайт, 2023. 413 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref13"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[13] Zaffaroni E. R. Crímenes de masa y derecho penal. Buenos Aires: Madres de Plaza de Mayo, 2010. 176 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref14"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[14] Nash Rojas C. Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos en Chile. Santiago: Universidad de Chile, 2012. 394 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref15"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[15] Méndez J. E. Accountability for Past Abuses // Human Rights Quarterly. 1997. Vol. 19. No. 2. P. 255–282.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref16"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[16] Dulitzky A. The Latin-American Human Rights System and the Protection of Human Rights // Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law. 2005. Vol. 9. P. 259–308.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref17"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[17] Современная концепция взаимодействия международного и внутригосударственного права / отв. ред. А. Я. Капустин. М.: Институт законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве РФ; Норма; Инфра‑М, 2023. 304 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref18"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[18] Хабриева Т. Я., Капустин А. Я. Международное право и санкции. Поиск границ допустимого // Вестник Российской академии наук. 2019. Т. 89. № 1. С. 3–9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref19"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[19] Опалич Е.А. Ответственность за международные преступления по законодательству стран Латинской Америки. М.: Проспект, 2024. .</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref20"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[20] Устав Организации Объединенных Наций от 26 июня 1945 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref21"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[21] Устав Международного Военного Трибунала для суда и наказания главных военных преступников европейских стран оси от 8 августа 1945 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref22"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[22] Конвенция о предупреждении преступления геноцида и наказании за него: принята резолюцией 260 (III) Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН от 9 декабря 1948 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref23"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[23] Женевские конвенции от 12 августа 1949 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref24"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[24] Римский статут Международного уголовного суда от 17 июля 1998 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref25"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[25] Устав Организации американских государств от 30 апреля 1948 г.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref26"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[26] Velásquez Rodríguez v. Honduras. Judgment of 29 July 1988. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref27"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[27] Barrios Altos v. Peru. Judgment of 14 March 2001. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref28"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[28] Almonacid Arellano et al. v. Chile. Judgment of 26 September 2006. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 154.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref29"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[29] Gelman v. Uruguay. Judgment of 24 February 2011. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 221.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref30"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[30] Ley № 20.357. Tipifica crímenes de lesa humanidad y genocidio y crímenes y delitos de guerra. Chile, 2009.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref31"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[31] Ley № 18.026. Modificación al Código Penal. Estatuto de Roma de la Corte Penal Internacional. Genocidio. Crímenes de lesa humanidad. Crímenes de guerra. Uruguay, 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref32"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[32] Código Orgánico Integral Penal del Ecuador.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref33"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[33] Código Penal de Colombia. Ley No. 599 de 24 de julio de 2000.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref34"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[1] Kelsen H. Principles of International Law. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966. 602 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref35"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[2] Trainin A. N. Peace protection and criminal law. M.: Legal publishing house of the NKYU of the USSR, 1937. 214 pp.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref36"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[3] Lukashuk I. I., Naumov A. V. International criminal law. M.: Spark, 1999. 287 pp.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref37"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[4] Chernichenko S.V. Theory of international law: in 2 vols. T. 2: Old and new theoretical problems. M.: NIMP, 1999. 531 pp.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref38"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[5] Cassese A. International Criminal Law. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 472 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref39"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[6] Ambos K. Treatise on International Criminal Law. Vol. I: Foundations and General Part. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 420 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref40"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[7] Lemkin R. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1944. 674 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref41"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[8] Horowitz I. L. Taking Lives: Genocide and State Power. 5th ed. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2002. 312 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref42"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[9] Kuper L. Genocide: Its Political Use in the Twentieth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. 315 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref43"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[10] Schabas W. A. Genocide in International Law. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 768 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref44"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[11] Werle G., Jessberger F. Principles of International Criminal Law. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 560 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref45"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[12] Biryukov P.N. International criminal law: textbook. M.: Yurayt, 2023. 413 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref46"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[13] Zaffaroni E. R. Crímenes de masa y derecho penal. Buenos Aires: Madres de Plaza de Mayo, 2010. 176 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref47"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[14] Nash Rojas C. Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos en Chile. Santiago: Universidad de Chile, 2012. 394 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref48"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[15] Méndez J. E. Accountability for Past Abuses // Human Rights Quarterly. 1997. Vol. 19. No. 2. P. 255–282.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref49"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[16] Dulitzky A. The Latin-American Human Rights System and the Protection of Human Rights // Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law. 2005. Vol. 9. P. 259–308.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref50"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[17] The modern concept of interaction between international and domestic law / resp. ed. A. Ya. Kapustin. M.: Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation; Norm; Infra‑M, 2023. 304 pp.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref51"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[18] Khabrieva T. Ya., Kapustin A. Ya. International law and sanctions. Search for acceptable boundaries // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2019. T. 89. № 1. S. 3-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref52"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[19] Opalich E.A. Responsibility for international crimes under Latin American law. M.: Prospect, 2024...</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref53"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[20] United Nations Charter of 26 June 1945.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref54"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[21] Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Trial and Punishment of the Main War Criminals of the European Axis Countries of August 8, 1945.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref55"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[22] Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide: adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 260 (III) of December 9, 1948.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref56"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[23] Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref57"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[24] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of 17 July 1998.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref58"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[25] Charter of the Organization of American States of April 30, 1948.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref59"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[26] Velásquez Rodríguez v. Honduras. Judgment of 29 July 1988. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref60"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[27] Barrios Altos v. Peru. Judgment of 14 March 2001. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref61"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[28] Almonacid Arellano et al. v. Chile. Judgment of 26 September 2006. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 154.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref62"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[29] Gelman v. Uruguay. Judgment of 24 February 2011. Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Series C No. 221.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref63"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[30] Ley № 20.357. Tipifica crímenes de lesa humanidad y genocidio y crímenes y delitos de guerra. Chile, 2009.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref64"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[31] Ley № 18.026. Modificación al Código Penal. Estatuto de Roma de la Corte Penal Internacional. Genocidio. Crímenes de lesa humanidad. Crímenes de guerra. Uruguay, 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref65"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[32] Código Orgánico Integral Penal del Ecuador.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref66"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">[33] Código Penal de Colombia. Ley No. 599 de 24 de julio de 2000.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
