<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный научный вестник</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3849</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2782-3849-2026-6-388-394</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Правовой статус космического туриста: сравнительный анализ подходов Российской Федерации и США</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal status of a space tourist: a comparative analysis of the approaches of the Russian Federation and The United States</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорская</surname><given-names>Александра Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorskaya</surname><given-names>Aleksandra Andreevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>adorskaya@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копчёнов</surname><given-names>Арсений Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopchenov</surname><given-names>Arseniy Mikhailovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>arseniykopchenov@yandex.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Doctor in Law, Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical Legal Disciplines of North-West branch of the Russian State University of Justice named after V.M. Lebedev, Professor at the Department of International Law of Herzen University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">доктор юридических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой общетеоретических правовых дисциплин Северо-Западного филиала ФГБОУВО «Российский государственный университет правосудия имени В.М. Лебедева», профессор кафедры международного права ФГБОУВО «Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена», SPIN-код: 9965-3211, AuthorID: 314268</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">4th-year Bachelor’s student at the Faculty of Training Specialists for the Judicial System (Law Faculty) of the North-West branch of the Russian State University of Justice named after V.M. Lebedev</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">студент 4 курса бакалавриата факультета подготовки специалистов для судебной системы (юридического факультета) Северо-Западного филиала ФГБОУВО «Российский государственный университет правосудия имени В.М. Лебедева»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><fpage>388</fpage><lpage>394</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-20"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="pravovoy-status-kosmicheskogo-turista-sravnitelnyy-analiz-podhodov-rossiyskoy-federatsii.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье исследуется правовой статус космического туриста как участника пилотируемого космического полета. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что развитие коммерческих миссий постепенно выводит человека, не являющегося профессиональным космонавтом, в сферу отношений, где обычные конструкции пассажирской перевозки и потребительской услуги оказываются недостаточными. Цель работы состоит в выявлении правовой природы космического туриста и в сравнении российского и американского подходов к регулированию его допуска, информирования, подготовки и ответственности. На основе анализа международных договоров, законодательства Российской Федерации, норм США об участниках космических полетов и практики частных астронавтских миссий обосновывается вывод о смешанном характере статуса космического туриста. Предлагается рассматривать его не как космонавта и не как обычного пассажира, а как участника космического полета, обладающего специальным набором прав, обязанностей и заранее раскрытых рисков.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the legal status of a space tourist as a participant in human space flight. The relevance of the study is determined by the growth of commercial missions, in which a person who is not a professional astronaut enters a field where ordinary passenger transportation and consumer-service models are insufficient. The purpose of the article is to identify the legal nature of a space tourist and to compare Russian and U.S. approaches to admission, information disclosure, training and liability. Based on international treaties, Russian legislation, U.S. rules on the space flight participant and NASA private astronaut missions, the article substantiates the mixed nature of the status of a space tourist. The author proposes to consider a space tourist neither as an astronaut nor as an ordinary passenger, but as a participant in space flight with a special set of rights, obligations and disclosed risks.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>космический турист</kwd><kwd>космический туризм</kwd><kwd>правовой статус</kwd><kwd>участник космического полета</kwd><kwd>коммерческий космический полет</kwd><kwd>Российская Федерация</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>информированное согласие</kwd><kwd>ответственность</kwd><kwd>безопасность космической деятельности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>space tourist</kwd><kwd>space tourism</kwd><kwd>legal status</kwd><kwd>space flight participant</kwd><kwd>commercial human space flight</kwd><kwd>Russian Federation</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>informed consent</kwd><kwd>liability</kwd><kwd>safety of space activities</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Договор о принципах деятельности государств по исследованию и использованию космического пространства, включая Луну и другие небесные тела от 27 января 1967 г. // ООН. URL: https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/ spacelaw/treaties/outerspacetreaty.html (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Соглашение о спасании космонавтов, возвращении космонавтов и возвращении объектов, запущенных в космическое пространство от 22 апреля 1968 г. // ООН. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_ conv/conventions/astronauts_rescue.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Конвенция о международной ответственности за ущерб, причиненный космическими объектами от 29 марта 1972 г. // ООН. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_ conv/conventions/damage.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Конвенция о регистрации объектов, запускаемых в космическое пространство от 14 января 1975 г. // ООН. URL: https://www.un.org/ ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/objects_ registration.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Закон РФ от 20.08.1993 № 5663-1 (ред. от 29.12.2025) «О космической деятельности» (с изм. и доп., вступ. в силу с 01.01.2026) // Российская газета. № 186. 06.10.1993.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref6"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">51 U.S.C. § 50902. Definitions // Legal Information Institute. URL: https://www.law.cornell. edu/uscode/text/51/50902#20 (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref7"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">14 CFR § 460.45 – Operator informing space flight participant of risk // Legal Information Institute. URL: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/ text/14/460.45 (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref8"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004 // Federal Aviation Administration. URL: https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/ headquarters_offices/ast/media/pl108-492.pdf (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref9"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Private Astronaut Missions // National Aeronautics and Space Administration. URL: https:// www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/private-astronautmissions / (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref10"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Low Earth Orbit Economy // National Aeronautics and Space Administration. URL: https:// www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/commercialspace /low-earth-orbit-economy/ (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref11"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Hobe S. Legal Aspects of Space Tourism // Nebraska Law Review. 2007. Vol. 86. No. 2. P. 439- 458.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref12"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Freeland S. Fly Me to the Moon: How Will International Law Cope with Commercial Space Tourism? // Melbourne Journal of International Law. 2010. Vol. 11. P. 1-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref13"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Von der Dunk F.G. The Origins of Authorisation: Article VI of the Outer Space Treaty and International Space Law // National Space Legislation in Europe: Issues of Authorisation of Private Space Activities in the Light of Developments in European Space Cooperation. Leiden: Nijhoff, 2011, P. 3-28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref14"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Carminati M.-V., Griffith D., Campbell M.R. Sub-orbital commercial human space flight and informed consent in the United States // Acta Astronautica. 2013. Vol. 92. No. 2. P. 263-265.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref15"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Jakhu R.S., Jasani B., McDowell J.C. Critical issues related to registration of space objects and transparency of space activities // Acta Astronautica. 2018. Vol. 143. P. 406-420.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref16"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies of January 27, 1967//UN. URL: https:// www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/ treaties/outerspacetreaty.html (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref17"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Agreement on the rescue of astronauts, the return of astronauts and the return of objects launched into outer space of April 22, 1968//UN. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_ conv/conventions/astronauts_rescue.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref18"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects of March 29, 1972//UN. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/ decl_conv/conventions/damage.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref19"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space of January 14, 1975// UN. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_ conv/conventions/objects_registration.shtml (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref20"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Law of the Russian Federation of 20.08.1993 No. 5663-1 (as amended by 29.12.2025) “ On Space Activities” (amended and supplemented, entry in force since 01.01.2026) //Rossiyskaya Gazeta. № 186. 06.10.1993.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref21"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">51 U.S.C. § 50902. Definitions // Legal Information Institute. URL: https://www.law.cornell. edu/uscode/text/51/50902#20 (access date: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref22"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">14 CFR § 460.45 – Operator informing space flight participant of risk // Legal Information Institute. URL: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/ text/14/460.45 (access date: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref23"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004 // Federal Aviation Administration. URL: https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/ headquarters_offices/ast/media/pl108-492.pdf (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref24"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Private Astronaut Missions // National Aeronautics and Space Administration. URL: https:// www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/private-astronautmissions / (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref25"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Low Earth Orbit Economy // National Aeronautics and Space Administration. URL: https:// www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/commercialspace /low-earth-orbit-economy/ (дата обращения: 15.06.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref26"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Hobe S. Legal Aspects of Space Tourism // Nebraska Law Review. 2007. Vol. 86. No. 2. P. 439- 458.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref27"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Freeland S. Fly Me to the Moon: How Will International Law Cope with Commercial Space Tourism? // Melbourne Journal of International Law. 2010. Vol. 11. P. 1-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref28"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Von der Dunk F.G. The Origins of Authorisation: Article VI of the Outer Space Treaty and International Space Law // National Space Legislation in Europe: Issues of Authorisation of Private Space Activities in the Light of Developments in European Space Cooperation. Leiden: Nijhoff, 2011, P. 3-28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref29"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Carminati M.-V., Griffith D., Campbell M.R. Sub-orbital commercial human space flight and informed consent in the United States // Acta Astronautica. 2013. Vol. 92. No. 2. P. 263-265.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref30"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Jakhu R.S., Jasani B., McDowell J.C. Critical issues related to registration of space objects and transparency of space activities // Acta Astronautica. 2018. Vol. 143. P. 406-420.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
